ILOs for 4th year
Ear, Nose and Throat Department
Cairo University
Intended Learning Objectives ILO’s
I- The Ear:
– Describe the structure of the ear (external, middle,inner ear)
– Discuss the function of the ear (hearing, equilibrium)
– List symptoms of ear diseases
– Describe methods of ear examination
– List congenital diseases of the external ear
– Outline management of congenital meatal atresia
– Classify causes of external ear trauma
– Outline management of external ear trauma
– Classify otitis externa
– Describe clinical presentations of otitis externa
– Outline presentation and management of malignant otitis externa
– List indications and contraindications of ear wash
– Describe the technique of ear wash
– Discuss complications of ear wash
– Describe pathogenesis of acute otitis media
– Discuss clinical presentation of acute otitis media
– Outline management of acute otitis media
– Tell the difference between acute otitis media in adults and infants
– List causes of secretory otitis media
– Describe clinical picture of secretory otitis media
– Outline management of secretory otitis media
– Discuss different types of chronic non suppurative otitis media
– Define chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM)
– Classify CSOM
– List causes of safe CSOM
– Describe clinical picture of safe CSOM
– Outline management of safe CSOM
– Define cholesteatoma
– Discuss cholesteatoma formation
– Describe clinical picture of cholesteatoma
– Ouline management of cholesteatoma
– Classify complications of CSOM
– Discuss clinical picture of CSOM complications
– Outline management of CSOM complications
– Classify causes of ear trauma
– Describe clinical picture of common ear trauma ( rupture drum,
- otitic barotrauma and fracture base of skull)
– Outline management of common ear trauma
– Define glomus tumour
– Discuss clinical presentation of glomus tumour
– Outline management of glomus tumour
– Classify types of otosclerosis
– Describe clinical picture of otoclerosis
– Outline management of otosclerosis
– Define Meniere’s disease and discuss it’s pathogenesis
– Describe clinical picture and management of Meniere’s disease
– Define acoustic neuroma
– Describe clinical picture and management of acoustic neuroma
– List ototoxic drugs
– Define deaf mutism
– Discuss management of deaf mutism
– Describe anatomy of the facial nerve
– Discuss causes of facial nerve palsy
– Describe clinical presentation of facial nerve paralysis
– Describe evaluation of a case of facial paralysis
– Outline management of facial nerve paralysis
– Discuss different causes of : vertigo, hearing loss, otalgia, tinnitus , nystagmus and ear discharge
– Interpret basic audiology
– Discuss hearing rehabilitation
– Define myringotomy, cortical and radical mastoidectomy,
tympanoplasty and stapedectomy
– List indications of myringotomy, cortical and radical mastoidectomy
tympanoplasty and stapedectomy
– List contraindications of stapedectomy
II- The Nose:
– Describe anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses
– Discuss the function of the nose
– List symptoms of nasal diseases
– Describe methods of nasal examination
– Recognize cause and types of choanal atresia
– Discuss clinical picture and management of choanal atresia
– List causes of fracture nose
– Describe signs and symptoms of nasal fracture
– Outline management of fracture nasal bones
– Describe clinical picture of foreign body in the nose
– List complications of foreign body in the nose
– Discuss management of foreign body in the nose
– Define oro-antral fistula
– List causes of oro-antral fistula
– Discuss clinical picture and management of oro-antal fistula
– Define CSF rhinorrhea
– List causes of CSF rhinorrhea
– Discuss clinical picture of CSF rhinorrhea
– Outline management of CSF rhinorrhea
– Classify rhinitis
– Define furunculosis
– List causes of furunculosis
– Describe clinical picture of furunculosis
– Discuss management of furunculosis
– List pathogenesis of common cold
– Describe signs and symptoms of common cold
– Discuss management of common cold
– List causes of atrophic rhinitis
– Describe clinical picture of atrophic rhinitis
– Outline management of atrophic rhinitis
– Discuss types of granulomas of the nose
– Define rhinoscleroma
– Recognize stages of rhinoscleroma
– Describe pathology of rhinoscleroma
– Outline management of rhinoscleroma
– Discuss types of nasal fungal rhinosinusitis
– List types of septal deviation
– Describe clinical presentation of septal deviation
– Outline management of septal deviation
– Define septal haematoma and abscess
– List causes of septal haematoma and abscess
– Describe clinical picture and management of septal haematoma and abscess
– List causes of septal perforation
– Define sinusitis
– List types of sinusitis
– Discuss pathogenesis of sinusitis
– Describe clinical presentation of sinusitis
– Outline management of sinusitis
– Identify indications and contraindications of nasal endoscopy
– List complications of sinusitis
– Discuss clinical picture of complications of sinusitis
– Outline management of complications of sinusitis
– Define allergic rhinitis
– Discuss types, causes and pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis
– Describe clinical presentatioin of allergic rhinitis
– Outline management of allergic rhinitis
– Discuss types of nasal polypi
– Classify tumours of the nose and paranasal sinuses
– Discuss pathology of nasal and paranasal sinus neoplasm
– Discuss the clinical picture of nasal and paranasal sinus tumours
– Outline the management of nasal and paranasal sinus tumours
– Discuss different causes of nasal obstruction, discharge, headache ,
loss of smell, and proptosis
– List effects of mouth breathing
– Define epistaxis
– List causes of epistaxis
– Discuss management of epistaxis
III- Head and Neck Surgery:
– Recognize anatomy of the pharynx
– Identify physiology of the pharynx
– List symptoms of pharyngeal diseases
– Describe methods of pharyngeal examination
– Classify diseases of the pharynx
– Define adenoid
– Discuss clinical picture and management of adenoid
– Classify tonsillitis
– Identify causes of acute tonsillitis
– Describe clinical picture of acute tonsillitis
– List complications of acute tonsillitis
– Discuss management of acute tonsillitis
– Describe clinical picture of chronic tonsillitis
– Recognize septic focus
– Describe management of chronic tonsillitis
– Recognize pathogenesis of diphtheria
– Describe clinical picture and complications of diphtheria
– Differentiate between acute tonsillitis, diphtheria, Vincent’s angina, moniliasis, infectious mononucleosis and agranulocytosis
– Discuss management of diphtheria
– Define Plummer-Vinson’s syndrome
– Recognize pathology of Plummer-Vinson’s syndrome
– Identify clinical picture of Plummer Vinson’s syndrome
– Describe management of Plummer-Vinson’s syndrome
– List causes of pharyngeal ulcers
– Define quinsy
– List clinical presentation and complications of quinsy
– Discuss management of quinsy
– Discuss the most common pharyngeal suppuration
(Ludwig’s angina, parapharyngeal abscess, acute and chronic retropharyngeal abscess)
– Identify causes and pathology of angiofibroma
– Describe signs and symptoms of angiofibroma
– Recognize pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
– Describe clinical presentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
– Discuss management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
– Discuss presentation and management of cancer oropharynx
– Recognize pathology of hypopharygeal carcinoma
– Describe clinical picture of hypopharyngeal carcinoma
– Discuss management of cancer hypopharynx
– List silent areas in the head and neck
– Define occult primary
– Discuss management of a case of occult primary
– Define pharyngeal pouch
– Identify causes of pharyngeal pouch
– Describe clinical picture and management of pharyngel pouch
– Define snoring and apnea
– Recognize types and grades of sleep apnea
– List causes of apnea
– Discuss clinical picture, complications and management of sleep apnea
– Tell indications and contraindications of tonsillectomy
– Describe preparation and technique of tonsillectomy
– Discuss post-operative care and complications of tonsillectomy
– List indications and contraindications of adenoidectomy
– Outline management of complications of adenoidectomy
– Describe anatomy of the oesophagus
– List types and site of impaction of foreign body (FB) in the oesophagus
– List presentation of FB in the oesophagus
– Discuss management of FB in the oesophagus
– Recognize causes of corrosive oesophagitis
– Classify stages of corrosive oesophagitis
– Describe management of corrosive oesophagitis
– Define achalasia of the cardia
– Recognize causes of achalasia of the cardia
– Describe clinical picture of achalasia of the cardia
– Outline management of achalasia of the cardia
– Define gastro-oesophageal reflux disease(GERD)
– List causes of GERD
– Describe clinical picture and management of GERD
– Discuss indications, contraindications and complications of oesophagoscopy
– Define dysphagia
– List causes of dysphagia
– Describe anatomy of the larynx
– Mention functions of the larynx
– List symptoms of laryngeal diseases
– Recognize methods of laryngeal examination
– Discuss commonest congenital anomalies of the larynx
(laryngomalacia, web, stenosis, cyst, haemangioma)
– Classify laryngeal trauma
– List causes of laryngeal trauma
– Describe presentation of laryngeal trauma
– Outline management of laryngeal trauma
– Identify types and sites of impaction of inaled FB
– Recognize stages and treatment of FB inhalation
– Classify laryngitis
– Describe clinical picture of acute laryngitis
– Discuss management of acute laryngitis
– Discuss clinical picture and management of chronic laryngitis
(vocal nodule, laryngeal polyp, leukoplakia, laryngoscleroma, TB , syphilis)
– Differentiate between single and multiple laryngeal papilloma
– List risk factors of cancer larynx
– Discuss pathology of cancer larynx (gross and microscopic picture,
spread and prognosis)
– Describe clinical picture of cancer larynx
– Discuss management of cancer larynx
– List causes of vocal cord paralysis
– Describe clinical picture and positions of vocal cord paralysis
– Outline management of vocal cord paralysis
– List causes of laryngeal oedema
– Discuss clinical picture and management of laryngeal oedema
– List causes of laryngeal stenosis
– Describe clinical picture and management of laryngeal stenosis
– Define stridor
– List causes of stridor
– List causes of stridor in children
– Discuss clinical picture of upper airway obstruction
– Define hoarsness of voice
– List causes of hoarsness of voice
– Define tracheostomy
– Discuss indications of tracheostomy
– Describe technique of tracheostomy
– Recognize types and complications of tracheostomy
– List indications of laryngoscopy
– Define phonation, speech, language and discuss their defects
– List midline neck swellings
– List lateral neck swellings
– Discuss clinical picture and management of common neck
swellings( thyroglossal cyst, branchial cyst, lymph node enlargement)
– List types of goitre
– Recognize causes of sialadenitis
– Describe signs and symptoms of sialadenitis
– Outline management of sialadenitis
– List types of salivary gland tumours